XinaBox CW02 (ESP32)¶
The CW02 is one of the development board created by XinaBox that mounts on-board the official WROOM32 module. The XinaBox CW02 contains a dual-core ESP32 microcontroller, that has both WiFi and Bluetooth Classic/LE support, 4 MB of SPI Flash, tuned antenna.
Pin Mapping¶
Official reference for XinaBox CW02 can be found here.
Flash Layout¶
The internal flash of the ESP32 module is organized in a single flash area with pages of 4096 bytes each. The flash starts at address 0x00000, but many areas are reserved for Esp32 IDF SDK and Zerynth VM. There exist two different layouts based on the presence of BLE support.
In particular, for non-BLE VMs:
| Start address | Size | Content |
|---|---|---|
| 0x00009000 | 16Kb | Esp32 NVS area |
| 0x0000D000 | 8Kb | Esp32 OTA data |
| 0x0000F000 | 4Kb | Esp32 PHY data |
| 0x00010000 | 1Mb | Zerynth VM |
| 0x00110000 | 1Mb | Zerynth VM (FOTA) |
| 0x00210000 | 512Kb | Zerynth Bytecode |
| 0x00290000 | 512Kb | Zerynth Bytecode (FOTA) |
| 0x00310000 | 512Kb | Free for user storage |
| 0x00390000 | 448Kb | Reserved |
For BLE VMs:
| Start address | Size | Content |
|---|---|---|
| 0x00009000 | 16Kb | Esp32 NVS area |
| 0x0000D000 | 8Kb | Esp32 OTA data |
| 0x0000F000 | 4Kb | Esp32 PHY data |
| 0x00010000 | 1216Kb | Zerynth VM |
| 0x00140000 | 1216Kb | Zerynth VM (FOTA) |
| 0x00270000 | 320Kb | Zerynth Bytecode |
| 0x002C0000 | 320Kb | Zerynth Bytecode (FOTA) |
| 0x00310000 | 512Kb | Free for user storage |
| 0x00390000 | 448Kb | Reserved |
Device Summary¶
- Microcontroller: Tensilica 32-bit Single-/Dual-core CPU Xtensa LX6
- Operating Voltage: 3.3V
- Input Voltage: 7-12V
- Digital I/O Pins (DIO): 7
- UARTs: 1
- I2Cs: 1
- Flash Memory: 4 MB
- SRAM: 520 KB
- Clock Speed: 240 Mhz
- Wi-Fi: IEEE 802.11 b/g/n/e/i:
- Integrated TR switch, balun, LNA, power amplifier and matching network
- WEP or WPA/WPA2 authentication, or open networks
Power¶
Power to the XinaBox CW02 is supplied via the XinaBox IP01 module (USB Programming Interface). This module has an on-board USB A connector and can be connected to the CW02 core module through the ☒BUS connector.
Connect, Register, Virtualize and Program¶
The XinaBox IP01 programming module, connected to the CW02 core module, exposes the serial port of the ESP32 module via a FT232R FTDI which is also connected to the boot pins of the module, allowing for a seamless virtualization of the device.
Note
Drivers for the FTDI can be downloaded here and are needed for Windows and Mac platforms.
Note
For Linux Platform: to allow the access to serial ports the user needs read/write access to the serial device file. Adding the user to the group, that owns this file, gives the required read/write access: Ubuntu distribution –> dialout group; Arch Linux distribution –> uucp group.
Important
Switch positioning on XinaBox IP01 programming module must be: Switch 1: B position; Switch 2: DCE position. To program the CW02 module, also the XinaBox IP02 programming module (Advanced USB Programming Interface) can be used; with this module switches must be: Switch 1: A position; Switch 2: DCE position.
Once connected on a USB port, if drivers have been correctly installed, the XinaBox CW02 device is recognized by Zerynth Studio. The next steps are:
- Select the XinaBox CW02 on the Device Management Toolbar (disambiguate if necessary);
- Register the device by clicking the “Z” button from the Zerynth Studio;
- Create a Virtual Machine for the device by clicking the “Z” button for the second time;
- Virtualize the device by clicking the “Z” button for the third time.
Note
No user intervention on the device is required for registration and virtualization process
After virtualization, the XinaBox CW02 is ready to be programmed and the Zerynth scripts uploaded. Just Select the virtualized device from the “Device Management Toolbar” and click the dedicated “upload” button of Zerynth Studio.
Note
No user intervention on the device is required for the uplink process.
Firmware Over the Air update (FOTA)¶
The Firmware Over the Air feature allows to update the device firmware at runtime. Zerynth FOTA in the XinaBox CW02 device is available for bytecode and VM.
Flash Layout is shown in table below:
| Start address | Size | Content |
|---|---|---|
| 0x00010000 | 1Mb | Zerynth VM (slot 0) |
| 0x00110000 | 1Mb | Zerynth VM (slot 1) |
| 0x00210000 | 512Kb | Zerynth Bytecode (slot 0) |
| 0x00290000 | 512Kb | Zerynth Bytecode (slot 1) |
For BLE VMs:
| Start address | Size | Content |
|---|---|---|
| 0x00010000 | 1216Kb | Zerynth VM (slot 0) |
| 0x00140000 | 1216Kb | Zerynth VM (slot 1) |
| 0x00270000 | 320Kb | Zerynth Bytecode (slot 0) |
| 0x002C0000 | 320Kb | Zerynth Bytecode (slot 1) |
For Esp32 based devices, the FOTA process is implemented mostly by using the provided system calls in the IDF framework. The selection of the next VM to be run is therefore a duty of the Espressif bootloader; the bootloader however, does not provide a failsafe mechanism to revert to the previous VM in case the currently selected one fails to start. At the moment this lack of a safety feature can not be circumvented, unless by changing the bootloader. As soon as Espressif relases a new IDF with such feature, we will release updated VMs.
zerynth secure socket¶
To be able to use zerynth secure socket on esp32 boards native_mbedtls: true must be used instead of zerynth_ssl: true in the project.yml file.
Secure Firmware¶
Secure Firmware feature allows to detect and recover from malfunctions and, when supported, to protect the running firmware (e.g. disabling the external access to flash or assigning protected RAM memory to critical parts of the system).
This feature is strongly platform dependent; more information at Secure Firmware - ESP32 section.